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Updated Oct 31, 2026

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Oklahoma’s two state questions on the Nov. 3 ballot: what they do and what the ballot leaves out

OKLAHOMA CITY — Two state questions are on every Oklahoma ballot Tuesday, Nov. 3: State Question 845, which rewrites the membership rules for the Judicial Nominating Commission, and State Question 847, which lowers the yearly limits on how fast the taxable value of real estate can rise.[1] Both are constitutional amendments the Legislature sent to voters, and each needs a simple majority of the votes cast on it. This explainer quotes each ballot title, compares it with the measure’s actual text and lists what supporters and opponents say. Facts First takes no position on either question.

No other state question is on this ballot. The open-primary initiative, SQ 836, is not on the ballot, and the question of calling a state constitutional convention (SQ 848) is set for April 6, 2027, according to the Secretary of State’s list.[20] Voters can look up their own sample ballot through their county election board.[1]

At a glance

SQ 845 (Legislative Referendum 379)SQ 847 (Legislative Referendum 381)
SubjectJudicial Nominating Commission membershipLimits on growth in taxable property value
SourceHouse Joint Resolution 1024[3]Senate Joint Resolution 39[7]
ChangesArticle 7-B, Section 3 of the state constitutionArticle 10, Sections 8B and 8C
Final legislative votesHouse 78–13 (March 12, 2025); Senate 35–8 (April 9, 2026)[4]Senate 38–8 (March 26, 2026); House 85–9 (April 15, 2026); Senate final passage 40–8 after accepting House changes 27–19 (April 27, 2026)[8]
Fiscal statement on the ballot“This measure will not have a fiscal impact.”[2]“…would have a fiscal impact on the state, but the exact impact is unknown.”[6]
When it appliesTo each commission seat as its current term ends or it falls vacant[3]Tax year 2027 and later[7]

State Question 845: Judicial Nominating Commission

Background

The commission screens applicants for the Oklahoma Supreme Court, the Court of Criminal Appeals and the Court of Civil Appeals, along with some district judgeships, and sends finalists to the governor, who picks one, KGOU and Oklahoma Politics Today reported.[11][19] It was created by a 1967 constitutional amendment after a bribery scandal at the state Supreme Court, KGOU reported.[11] Today it has 15 members: six named by the governor, six lawyers elected through the Oklahoma Bar Association, and three at-large members, one each picked by the Senate president pro tempore, the House speaker and the commission itself.[3][11]

The ballot title (as printed, quoted)

The Attorney General rewrote the Legislature’s version. This is the corrected final title the Secretary of State certified on Aug. 13, 2026.[2]

“This measure amends article 7-B, section 3 of the Oklahoma Constitution, changing the Judicial Nominating Commission’s structure. Currently appointments are based on congressional districts as constituted in 1967. If approved, appointments to the fifteen-member Commission will be as follows: 1) Governor appoints six members, including one from each congressional district as of the time of their appointment; 2) the Oklahoma Bar Association appoints six members, including one from each congressional district as of the date of selection; and 3) no less than eight members select three at-large members. The measure will permit any number of the commissioners to be licensed attorneys in Oklahoma or another state. The prohibition against immediate family members from practicing law will be removed. The measure changes terms so that at-large commissioners would serve a two-year term, and all other commissioners would serve a six-year term. Additionally, it removes restrictions on political party membership for members appointed by the Governor and at-large members. The measure also permits a commissioner to succeed himself or herself. Vacancies will be filled in the same manner as a commissioner is appointed or selected for the remainder of the relevant term. This measure will not have a fiscal impact. Shall the proposal be approved? For the proposal – YES Against the proposal – NO”[2]

What a yes vote and a no vote do

What the text actually changes

RuleNowIf SQ 845 passes
LawyersThe governor’s six appointees and the three at-large members may not be lawyers in Oklahoma or any other stateAny member may be a lawyer[3]
RelativesThose same nine members may not have an immediate family member who is a lawyerThe family restriction is removed[3]
Party limitsNo more than three of the governor’s six appointees, and no more than two of the three at-large members, may belong to one partyBoth limits are removed, so every member could belong to one party[3][11]
Serving againA member cannot succeed himself or herselfBack-to-back terms are allowed, up to 12 consecutive years[3]
DistrictsAt least one appointee from each congressional district “existing at the date of the adoption of this Article” (1967)The districts that exist when the member is chosen[3]
TermsSix years, two years for an at-large memberSix years for the governor’s and bar seats, two years for at-large seats[3]
Bans that stayMembers still may not hold other public office or a party office, and cannot be nominated as a judge while serving or for five years afterward. They are still unpaid except for travel costs.[3]

Cost and effective date: The ballot title says there is no fiscal impact.[2] The text says the new rules apply to each seat when its current term ends or it becomes vacant, so sitting members are not removed early.[3]

How the ballot title compares with the text

How it got on the ballot

DateEvent
Feb. 3, 2025HJR 1024 introduced by Rep. Anthony Moore, R-Clinton[4]
March 12, 2025House passes it 78–13[4]
April 1, 2026Sen. Todd Gollihare files an amendment, according to the amendment posted on the Legislature’s website, to put it on an Aug. 25, 2026 special election ballot[5]
April 9, 2026Senate passes it 35–8 (the roll-call date; the enrolled resolution says it “Passed the Senate the 15th day of April, 2026”[3]), but the special-election provision fails 27–17[4]
April 14, 2026After a motion to reconsider, the special-election provision fails again, 29–15, leaving the measure for the November general election[4]
April 16, 2026Filed with the Secretary of State as SQ 845[4]
May 7–29, 2026Attorney General issues a preliminary rewritten title (May 7), then a final title (May 29)[2]
Aug. 13, 2026Corrected title certified[2]

The measure arrives amid a broader debate. Gov. Kevin Stitt has said he favors doing away with the commission and letting the governor appoint judges with Senate confirmation, KGOU reported; SQ 845 keeps the commission instead.[11]

Who is paying

A Facts First search of the Ethics Commission’s 2026 contribution and expenditure data, current through Oct. 31 at 12:16 a.m., found no committee raising or spending money for or against SQ 845 or SQ 847.[17] Spending by groups that do not file with the commission, or that file after the extract was made, would not show up there.

What supporters and opponents say

For: Rep. Moore told KGOU the measure is a middle ground that keeps the commission rather than eliminating it. He said governors can now get around the party limits by naming independents who share their views, and that the lawyer ban and one-term rule leave seats hard to fill; allowing reappointment up to 12 years would make the commission work better, he said.[11] Senate Majority Floor Leader Julie Daniels told KOCO that letting more lawyers and their relatives serve would broaden the commission, and questioned why only bar-elected lawyers should take part.[12]

Against: Cole Allen of the Oklahoma Policy Institute, which urges a no vote, told KGOU the party limits keep commissioners from being overly loyal to whoever appointed them, and that allowing reappointment could lead members to make choices aimed at keeping their seats. He said the current rules keep lawyers, who may later argue before the judges they picked, from making up a majority.[11] Senate Minority Leader Julia Kirt, D-Oklahoma City, told KOCO she worries about people choosing judges and then practicing in front of them.[12]

State Question 847: Property-value growth limits

Background

Oklahoma property taxes are figured on a property’s taxable “fair cash value.” The constitution caps how fast that value can rise each year: 3% for homesteads and farmland and 5% for other real estate. A separate “senior freeze” stops increases on the homes of owners 65 and older whose household income is at or below the median for their area, as set by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.[7][16] In 2012, voters approved State Question 758, which cut the homestead cap from 5% to 3%, Oklahoma Watch reported.[13]

The ballot title (as printed, quoted)

The Attorney General found the Legislature’s wording did not explain the income test or say whether there was a fiscal impact, and wrote this final title, certified June 4, 2026.[6]

“This measure amends article 10, sections 8B and 8C of the Oklahoma Constitution. Currently, section 8B limits annual growth in fair cash value to 5% for most real property or 3% for homesteads and agricultural land. If approved, the measure would limit annual growth in fair cash value for tax year 2027 and after to 4% for most real property or 1.75% for homesteads and agricultural land. Currently, section 8C prohibits any increase in fair cash value of homestead property for persons age sixty-five (65) or older whose income does not exceed certain limits, sometimes referred to as the “senior freeze.” Instead of prohibiting any increase in fair cash value for these homesteads, there would be an annual limit of 1.75%. The measure eliminates the income cap on gross household income to qualify for the senior freeze. If approved, the annual limit on an increase in fair cash value would be tied to how much gross household income the homestead owner had in the preceding year. If a homeowner’s gross household income from the previous year was at or below the median income for their county or area (as determined by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s estimated median income amount for the county or metropolitan statistical area), a homeowner’s homestead fair cash value cannot be increased. If the income amount was in excess of certain thresholds, the limit on increases in fair cash value for homesteads owned by persons age 65 or older could be 0.35% (income over 100% up to 120%); 0.7% (income over 120% up to 140%); 1.05% (income over 140% up to 160%); 1.4% (income over 160% up to 180%); or 1.75% (income over 180%). If passed, this measure would have a fiscal impact on the state, but the exact impact is unknown. Shall the proposal be approved? For the proposal – YES Against the proposal – NO”[6]

What a yes vote and a no vote do

What the text actually changes

PropertyCap nowCap from tax year 2027
Homestead or agricultural land3%1.75%[7]
Other real estate (commercial, rentals, second homes)5%4%[7]
Homeowner 65+, income at or below 100% of area medianNo increase (senior freeze)No increase[7]
65+, over 100% to 120%3% (no freeze)0.35%[7]
65+, over 120% to 140%3%0.7%[7]
65+, over 140% to 160%3%1.05%[7]
65+, over 160% to 180%3%1.4%[7]
65+, over 180%3%1.75%[7]

The caps still do not apply in a year the property is sold or transferred, and new improvements are still added at full value. Personal property and property valued by the State Board of Equalization are not covered.[7] The measure does not change tax rates and does not lower anyone’s current value; bills can still rise within the cap or because of new levies and voter-approved bonds, the state school boards association and Oklahoma Politics Today noted.[15][19] Oklahoma Watch’s example: a $200,000 homestead could rise to no more than $203,500 in 2027.[13] In Oklahoma County, the 2026 income line for the senior freeze was $99,000, the outlet reported.[13]

Cost: the estimates

EstimateVersionFirst-year local revenue loss
Oklahoma Tax Commission, March 31, 2026Earlier draft (1% and 3% caps, no senior change)$85.4 million in fiscal 2028[10]
Oklahoma Tax Commission, in the House fiscal analysis, April 15, 2026Final version (1.75% and 4%, senior tiers)$45.78 million in fiscal 2028: $11.95 million on homesteads, $16.39 million on non-homestead property, $11.46 million on commercial property, $983,000 on farmland and $5 million from the new senior tiers[9]
Oklahoma State School Boards AssociationFinal version, over 10 years$457.8 million (the Tax Commission’s first-year figure multiplied by 10)[14]
CareerTech state director Brent HakenFinal version, CareerTech centers only, over 10 yearsAbout $90 million[14]

The Tax Commission said the losses fall directly on local governments, mainly schools, CareerTech districts, counties and cities, and “may indirectly affect state funding through the school funding formula.”[9][10] The House analysis put the direct cost to the state budget at $0.[9]

How the ballot title compares with the text

How it got on the ballot

DateEvent
Feb. 2, 2026SJR 39 introduced by Senate President Pro Tem Lonnie Paxton, R-Tuttle; House Speaker Hilbert, R-Bristow, is principal House author[8]
March 26, 2026Senate passes it 38–8[8]
April 15, 2026House substitutes new caps and senior tiers, passes it 85–9 and votes 80–14 to send it to an Aug. 25 special election[8][9]
April 27, 2026Senate accepts the House changes 27–19 and passes it 40–8, but the special-election provision fails 26–21, leaving it for November[8]
May 8, 2026Attorney General rejects the Legislature’s title[6]
June 4, 2026Final title certified to the State Election Board[6]

What supporters and opponents say

For: Hilbert told Oklahoma Voice that homeowners have asked for relief from rising costs, that property tax is the piece the state can control, and that local governments would still collect more each year, just at a slower rate; he called the $45.78 million estimate money saved by taxpayers.[14] On the House floor, he said the measure would give Oklahoma the lowest homestead growth cap in the country, Oklahoma Watch reported.[13] The Oklahoma Farm Bureau supports it, saying farmland taxes keep climbing even in years when land loses money.[13][14]

Against: Democrats voted against sending it to the ballot, Oklahoma Watch reported. Rep. Andy Fugate, D-Del City, said in debate it would squeeze counties, jails and schools, Oklahoma Watch reported.[13] The Oklahoma Policy Institute urges a no vote and says owners could see higher bills if local governments raise rates to cover existing bonds.[13][16] The school boards association’s executive director, Shawn Hime, told Oklahoma Voice the money pays for core services from schools to roads and emergency response, and CareerTech state director Brent Haken said slower growth would mean fewer programs and students over time, Oklahoma Voice reported. The Oklahoma Association for Career and Technical Education says on its website that the measure would cut CareerTech funding.[14][21]

Notes

Sources

  1. Oklahoma State Election Board, State Questions (Nov. 3, 2026): https://oklahoma.gov/elections/elections-results/state-question-info.html
  2. Oklahoma Secretary of State, SQ 845 file: HJR 1024, Attorney General ballot-title letters and the Aug. 13, 2026 correction (PDF): https://www.sos.ok.gov/documents/questions/845.pdf
  3. Oklahoma Legislature, HJR 1024 enrolled text (PDF): https://www.oklegislature.gov/cf_pdf/2025-26%20ENR/HRES/HJR1024%20ENR.PDF
  4. Oklahoma Legislature, HJR 1024 bill history and votes: https://www.oklegislature.gov/BillInfo.aspx?Bill=HJR1024&Session=2600
  5. Oklahoma Senate, HJR 1024 floor amendment ordering an Aug. 25 special election (PDF): https://www.oklegislature.gov/cf_pdf/2025-26%20FLOOR%20AMENDMENTS/Senate/HJR1024%20(4-01-26)%20(GOLLIHARE)%20FA1.PDF
  6. Oklahoma Secretary of State, SQ 847 file: SJR 39 and Attorney General ballot-title letters (PDF): https://www.sos.ok.gov/documents/questions/847.pdf
  7. Oklahoma Legislature, SJR 39 enrolled text (PDF): https://www.oklegislature.gov/cf_pdf/2025-26%20ENR/SRES/SJR39%20ENR.PDF
  8. Oklahoma Legislature, SJR 39 bill history and votes: https://www.oklegislature.gov/BillInfo.aspx?Bill=SJR39&Session=2600
  9. Oklahoma House, SJR 39 floor substitute bill summary with Tax Commission estimate, Apr. 15, 2026 (PDF): https://www.oklegislature.gov/cf_pdf/2025-26%20SUPPORT%20DOCUMENTS/BILLSUM/House/SJR39%20FA1%20BILLSUM.PDF
  10. Oklahoma Tax Commission, revenue impact statement, SJR 39 engrossed version, Mar. 31, 2026 (PDF): https://www.oklegislature.gov/cf_pdf/2025-26%20SUPPORT%20DOCUMENTS/impact%20statements/fiscal/Senate/SJR39%20ENGR%20FI.PDF
  11. KGOU, Oct. 25, 2026: What to know about State Question 845: https://www.kgou.org/politics-and-government/2026-10-25/what-to-know-about-oklahoma-state-question-845-and-its-impact-on-the-judiciary
  12. KOCO, What changes would State Question 845 make?: https://www.koco.com/article/what-changes-would-state-question-845-make-in-oklahoma/74233022
  13. Oklahoma Watch, Oct. 8, 2026: State Question 847, what voters need to know: https://oklahomawatch.org/2026/10/08/state-question-847-what-oklahoma-voters-need-to-know-before-nov-3/
  14. Oklahoma Voice, Oct. 14, 2026: State Question 847 would cap property tax growth. At what cost?: https://oklahomavoice.com/2026/10/14/state-question-847-would-cap-oklahomans-property-tax-growth-at-what-cost/
  15. Oklahoma State School Boards Association, SQ 847 FAQ (PDF): https://www.ossba.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/SQ-847-FAQ.pdf
  16. Oklahoma Policy Institute, State Question 847 explainer: https://okpolicy.org/state-question-847-changing-assessment-caps-for-property-tax/
  17. Oklahoma Ethics Commission, Guardian bulk campaign-finance data (2026 contributions and expenditures): https://guardian.ok.gov/PublicSite/DataDownload.aspx
  18. Oklahoma Statutes, 34 O.S. § 10 (ballot-title appeals), via OSCN: https://www.oscn.net/applications/OCISWeb/deliverdocument.asp?citeid=71562
  19. Oklahoma Politics Today, Oct. 2026: Before You Vote, SQ 845 and SQ 847: https://okpoliticstoday.com/2026/10/before-you-vote-what-sq-845-and-sq-847-would-change/
  20. Oklahoma Secretary of State, state question list (status of all pending questions): https://www.sos.ok.gov/gov/questions.aspx
  21. Oklahoma CareerTech educators association (OkACTE), SQ 847 overview: https://www.okacte.org/sq847